The aim of this Article is to outline and assess the Community’s strategy for the banking sector by highlighting the philosophy and the context shaping its actions. In addition, this Article will attempt to show that the Commission’s various proposals, particularly the Second Banking Coordination Directive (“Second Directive”), take account of the continuing tension of, on the one hand, achieving more efficient banking systems through increased competition and, on the other hand, the absolute need for prudential supervision, enhancing the financial stability of the banks and public confidence in the banking systems. Finally, this article looks at the Community’s policy towards the rest of the world.